Wani sabon nau'in terahertz multiplexer ya ninka ƙarfin bayanai sau biyu kuma ya inganta sadarwa ta 6G sosai tare da bandwidth mara misaltuwa da ƙarancin asarar bayanai.
Masu bincike sun gabatar da wani babban faffadan band terahertz multiplexer wanda ke ninka karfin bayanai da kuma kawo ci gaba mai dorewa zuwa 6G da ma fiye da haka. (Tushen hoto: Getty Images)
Sadarwa ta zamani ta hanyar amfani da fasahar terahertz, wadda ke wakiltar fasahar sadarwa ta zamani, ta yi alƙawarin kawo sauyi ga watsa bayanai.
Waɗannan tsarin suna aiki a mitoci na terahertz, suna ba da bandwidth mara misaltuwa don watsa bayanai da sadarwa mai sauri. Duk da haka, don cimma wannan damar gaba ɗaya, dole ne a shawo kan manyan ƙalubalen fasaha, musamman wajen sarrafawa da amfani da tsarin da ake da shi yadda ya kamata.
Wani ci gaba mai ban mamaki ya magance wannan ƙalubalen: na'urar farko mai amfani da fasahar terahertz polarization (de)multiplexer mai ƙarfi-fadi-fadi da aka gina a kan dandamalin silicon mara substrate.
Wannan ƙirar da aka ƙirƙira ta yi niyya ga rukunin sub-terahertz J (220-330 GHz) kuma tana da nufin sauya sadarwa don 6G da ƙari. Na'urar tana ninka ƙarfin bayanai yadda ya kamata yayin da take kiyaye ƙarancin asarar bayanai, wanda ke share hanyar samun ingantattun hanyoyin sadarwa mara waya masu sauri da inganci.
Tawagar da ke bayan wannan gagarumin aiki ta haɗa da Farfesa Withawat Withayachumnankul daga Makarantar Injiniyan Lantarki da Injiniyoyin Injiniya ta Jami'ar Adelaide, da Dr. Weijie Gao, wanda yanzu haka yake bincike a fannin digiri na uku a Jami'ar Osaka, da kuma Farfesa Masayuki Fujita.
Farfesa Withayachumnankul ya bayyana cewa, "Mai amfani da na'urar polarization multiplexer da aka gabatar yana ba da damar watsa bayanai da yawa a lokaci guda a cikin mitar guda ɗaya, wanda hakan ke ninka ƙarfin bayanai sau biyu." Matsakaicin bandwidth da na'urar ta samu ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba a duk faɗin mitar, wanda ke wakiltar babban tsalle ga masu haɗa multiplexers.
Manhajojin Polarization multiplexers suna da mahimmanci a cikin sadarwa ta zamani domin suna ba da damar sigina da yawa su raba mitar mita ɗaya, wanda hakan ke ƙara ƙarfin tashar sosai.
Sabuwar na'urar ta cimma wannan ta hanyar amfani da maƙallan jagora masu siffar conical da kuma maƙallan matsakaici mai tasiri na anisotropic. Waɗannan abubuwan suna haɓaka birefringence na polarization, wanda ke haifar da babban rabo na polarization detract (PER) da kuma faɗaɗɗen bandwidth—mahimman halaye na ingantaccen tsarin sadarwa na terahertz.
Ba kamar ƙirar gargajiya ba waɗanda suka dogara da jagororin raƙuman ruwa marasa daidaituwa da masu rikitarwa, sabon mai amfani da multiplexer yana amfani da rufin anisotropic tare da ɗan dogaro da mita kaɗan. Wannan hanyar tana amfani da cikakken bandwidth da ma'auratan conical ke bayarwa.
Sakamakon shine bandwidth mai kauri kusan kashi 40%, matsakaicin PER ya wuce 20 dB, da kuma ƙarancin asarar sakawa na kimanin 1 dB. Waɗannan ma'aunin aiki sun fi na ƙirar gani da na microwave da ake da su yanzu, waɗanda galibi ke fama da ƙarancin bandwidth da babban asara.
Aikin ƙungiyar masu binciken ba wai kawai yana ƙara ingancin tsarin terahertz ba ne, har ma yana shimfida harsashi don sabon zamani a cikin sadarwa ta waya. Dr. Gao ya lura, "Wannan sabon abu babban abin da ke haifar da buɗe damar sadarwa ta terahertz." Aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da watsa bidiyo mai inganci, gaskiyar da aka ƙara, da hanyoyin sadarwar wayar hannu na zamani kamar 6G.
Maganin sarrafa polarization na gargajiya na terahertz, kamar masu canza yanayin orthogonal mode (OMTs) bisa ga jagororin raƙuman ƙarfe masu kusurwa huɗu, suna fuskantar ƙalubale masu yawa. Masu shirya raƙuman ƙarfe suna fuskantar ƙaruwar asarar ohmic a mafi yawan mitoci, kuma hanyoyin kera su suna da rikitarwa saboda buƙatun siffofi masu tsauri.
Na'urorin haɗakar haske na gani, gami da waɗanda ke amfani da ma'aunin Mach-Zehnder ko lu'ulu'u na photonic, suna ba da haɗin kai mafi kyau da ƙarancin asara amma galibi suna buƙatar musanya tsakanin bandwidth, compactness, da kuma sarkakiyar masana'anta.
Ana amfani da maƙallan jagora sosai a cikin tsarin gani kuma suna buƙatar ƙarfin birefringence mai ƙarfi don cimma ƙaramin girma da babban PER. Duk da haka, suna da iyaka ta hanyar kunkuntar bandwidth da kuma sauƙin haƙuri ga masana'anta.
Sabon na'urar multiplexer ta haɗa fa'idodin manne mai kusurwa da kuma ingantaccen rufin matsakaici, ta hanyar shawo kan waɗannan ƙuntatawa. Rufin anisotropic yana nuna babban birefringence, yana tabbatar da babban PER a fadin babban bandwidth. Wannan ƙa'idar ƙira tana nuna bambanci daga hanyoyin gargajiya, tana samar da mafita mai araha da amfani don haɗa terahertz.
Tabbatar da gwajin na'urar multiplexer ya tabbatar da ingancinta. Na'urar tana aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin kewayon 225-330 GHz, tana samun ƙaramin bandwidth na 37.8% yayin da take riƙe da PER sama da 20 dB. Ƙaramin girmanta da kuma dacewa da tsarin masana'antu na yau da kullun sun sa ta dace da samar da taro.
Dr. Gao ya lura cewa, "Wannan kirkire-kirkire ba wai kawai yana inganta ingancin tsarin sadarwa na terahertz ba, har ma yana share fagen hanyoyin sadarwa masu ƙarfi da aminci masu sauri."
Amfanin wannan fasaha ya wuce tsarin sadarwa. Ta hanyar inganta amfani da bakan, na'urar multiplexer na iya haifar da ci gaba a fannoni kamar radar, hoto, da Intanet na Abubuwa. "A cikin shekaru goma, muna sa ran za a rungumi waɗannan fasahohin terahertz sosai kuma a haɗa su a cikin masana'antu daban-daban," in ji Farfesa Withayachumnankul.
Ana iya haɗa na'urar multiplexer ɗin ba tare da wata matsala ba tare da na'urorin ƙirƙirar haske da ƙungiyar ta ƙirƙira, wanda ke ba da damar ci gaba da ayyukan sadarwa a kan dandamali mai haɗin kai. Wannan jituwa yana nuna sauƙin amfani da kuma girman dandamalin jagorar waveguide mai matsakaicin launi.
An buga sakamakon binciken ƙungiyar a cikin mujallar Laser & Photonic Reviews, inda suka jaddada muhimmancinsu wajen haɓaka fasahar photonic terahertz. Farfesa Fujita ya lura cewa, "Ta hanyar shawo kan manyan shingen fasaha, ana sa ran wannan kirkire-kirkire zai ƙarfafa sha'awa da ayyukan bincike a fagen."
Masu binciken sun yi hasashen cewa aikinsu zai zaburar da sabbin aikace-aikace da kuma ci gaba da inganta fasaha a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, wanda a ƙarshe zai haifar da samfura da kayayyaki na kasuwanci.
Wannan na'urar multiplexer tana wakiltar wani muhimmin mataki na ci gaba wajen buɗe damar sadarwa ta terahertz. Tana kafa sabon ma'auni ga na'urorin terahertz da aka haɗa tare da ma'aunin aiki mara misaltuwa.
Yayin da buƙatar hanyoyin sadarwa masu sauri da ƙarfi ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, irin waɗannan sabbin abubuwa za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara makomar fasahar mara waya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-16-2024